答:介词短语没有被动语态。被动语态是指动词(尤其是及物动词)的被动语态,它的对应说法是主动语态。被动语态表明主语是动作的承受者,而在主动语态中,主语是动词的执(施)行者。如"我拍了饭桌"中的拍是主动语态。"奶牛被车撞了"中奶牛(主语)是动作的承受者。
不过,有些介词短语含有被动意义,如in the charge of(由……负责,被……掌管)。
介词短语的被动语态
(1) “beyond+名词”:
The rumor is beyond belief. 这谣言难以置信。
The children were beyond control. 这些孩子不听管教。
(2) “in+名词”短语:
When was paper money in use in China? 中国什么时候开始使用纸币?
Please do not enter the classroom while a lesson is in progress. 上课时请勿进教室。
(3) “in course of+名词”短语:
The new railway is in course of construction. 新铁路正在兴建当中。
The goods ordered are now in course of shipment. 定的货正在运输途中。
有些类似的短语有the表被动,无the表主动:
in charge of 负责 in the charge of 由…负责
in possession of 拥有 in the possession of 被…拥有
(4) “on+名词”短语:
The building is on fire. 那幢房子正在燃烧。
Every article on view will be on sale. 每件展品都将出售。
(5)“under+名词”短语:
The new music hall is under construction. 新的音乐大厅正在修建中。
Your proposal is under consideration. 你的提议正在考虑中。
(6) 其他介词短语。除以上提到的几种情况外,还有一些介词短语也可表示被动意义
如:for sale(供出售),for rent(供出租),at one’s service(听凭某人使用),above reproach(无可指责,无可非议),above suspicion(不受怀疑),above criticism(无可指责),within sight(看得见)等。