改被动语态需要条件

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把主动语态的句子改成被动语态需要的条件是主动语态的谓语动词必须是及物动词。

被动语态强调的是动作的承受者暨动词的宾语,改被动语态需要把动词的宾语移到句首作被动语态的主语。而只有及物动词或短语才能加宾语,所以只有及物动词才能改被动语态。

改被动语态需要条件

不是每个句子都能用被动语态的. 

只有当谓语动词是及物动词时,才可以改为被动语态. 不及物动词没有被动语态. 

例如: He planted a tree yesterday.---A tree was planted by him yesterday. 

plant 是及物动词,后面直接跟宾语 a tree ,可以改为被动语态.

He goes to school by bike. 

go是不及物动词,本句就不能用被动语态.

把原句的宾语作为修改后句子的主语,谓语用被动语态。

原句:She teaches English in this school.

修改后:English is taught by her in this school.

被动语态的结构:

一般现在时被动:be(am,is,are)+done

一般过去式被动:be(was,were)+done

一般将来时被动:shall/will be+done

过去将来时被动:should/would be+done

现在进行时被动:be(am,is,are)being+done

过去进行时被动:be(was,were)being+done

现在完成时被动:have/has been done

过去完成时被动:had been done

被动语态的三种类型:

⒈主谓单宾

主动:S+(V助)+V主+O

被动:S【原O】+(V助)+be V.pp【过去分词】+by O【原S】

Thousands of tourists will visit Beijing this year.→Beijing will be visited by thousands of tourists this year.

今年将会有成千上万的游客拜访北京。

⒉主谓双宾

主动:S+(V助)+V主+IO【间宾】+DO【直宾】

被动:S【原IO/原DO】+(V助)+be V.pp+(prep.)O【原DO/原IO】by O【原S】——双宾语主动变被动需要保留宾语“留一个宾语在过去分词之后”

I have asked him the question.→He has been asked the question by me.→The question has been asked(of)him by me.

我已经问了他这个问题。

[当保留间宾IO时,可在间宾前加一个适当的介词加强语气]

间宾表示动作是对谁做的,一般指人sb

直宾表示动词的承受者,一般指物sth

比如give sb(间宾) sth(直宾)→give sth(动作的承受者) to sb(动作的承受者,即间接对象)

给某人某物〔动词究竟提前间宾、直宾或都行要看是否符合习惯〕

⒊主谓复宾

主动:S+(V助)+V主+O+OC【宾补】

被动:S+(V助)+be V.pp+C【主补】+by O【原S】

They will make the city beautiful→The city will be made beautiful by them.

他们将会让城市美丽。

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