CentOS 7.6系统中自带的MySQL版本较老，我们可以通过编译源码的方式来安装较新的MySQL版本。
步骤如下：
1. 安装依赖库
sudo yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ ncurses-devel cmake openssl-devel
2. 下载MySQL的源码包并解压
wget https://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.25.tar.gztar zxvf mysql-8.0.25.tar.gzcd mysql-8.0.25
3. 创建MySQL用户和用户组
sudo groupadd mysqlsudo useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql
4. 配置编译参数
sudo mkdir /usr/local/mysqlsudo cmake \-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 \-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci \-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/var/run/mysql/mysql.sock \-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \-DWITH_DEBUG=0 \-DWITH_SSL=system \-DWITH_LIBWRAP=0 \-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \-DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 \-DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/src/boost_1_77_0
5. 编译并安装
sudo make -j8 && sudo make install
6. 初始化数据库
sudo /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
7. 启动MySQL服务
sudo /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
8. 添加环境变量
echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin' >>~/.bashrcsource ~/.bashrc
9. 登录MySQL并修改密码
mysql -uroot -p`grep 'temporary password' /usr/local/mysql/log/error.log | awk '{print $NF}'`mysql>ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '新密码';mysql>FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
经过以上步骤，我们就成功安装了最新版本的MySQL。
